FULL PSY221 Social Psychology Cumulative

The scientific study of how individuals think, feel, and behave in social situations.

Basic principles that guide social psychology research, such as the need for social connections and the influence of social norms.

Factors that drive individuals to seek social bonds, such as the need for affiliation and a sense of belonging.

Cognitive biases and processes that influence social perception, such as confirmation bias and the accessibility of information.

Studying behavior and non-verbal cues in a group setting to understand implicit communication.

Surveying individuals about their attitudes towards a social issue.

Analyzing the success rates of group tasks as a performance measure.

Investigating the relationship between variables, such as self-esteem and academic achievement.

Conducting controlled experiments to test causal relationships, such as the impact of group size on conformity.

A culture that emphasizes individual goals, independence, and personal achievement, such as the United States.

A culture that emphasizes group goals, interdependence, and harmony, such as Japan.

Quickly judging someone based on their appearance or other superficial characteristics.

Thoughtful consideration of a person's character and other relevant information.

The process of forming judgments and impressions about others.

Factors that influence impression formation, such as the salience of certain traits, associations with positive or negative contexts, and the accessibility of information.

The explanations individuals make for the causes of behavior, such as attributing success to effort or failure to external factors.

The tendency to attribute others' behavior to internal traits rather than considering situational factors.

The tendency to remember the first or last impression of a person more strongly than subsequent interactions.

The tendency to notice and remember information that confirms existing beliefs.

When expectations about a person's behavior lead to actions that cause the person to behave in ways that confirm those expectations.

A study that demonstrated how teachers' expectations influenced students' academic performance.

How we perceive and form impressions of ourselves.

Comparing our performance or abilities to others in order to evaluate ourselves.

Inferring our attitudes and beliefs by observing our own behavior.

Perceiving ourselves based on how we believe others view us.

The theory that we evaluate ourselves by comparing ourselves to others.

The physiological arousal, expressive behavior, and subjective experience that make up emotions.

The person we aspire to be and the goals we strive for.

The person we believe we should be based on external expectations and obligations.

The theory that individuals have either a promotion-focused or prevention-focused strategy for goal pursuit.

Techniques that affirm one's values and strengths to enhance self-esteem.

A learned evaluation or belief about an object, person, or idea.

Attitudes that are consciously held and publicly expressed.

Unconscious biases or attitudes that are revealed through reaction time in tests like the Implicit Association Test.

Associating a product or idea with positive emotions or experiences in order to influence attitudes.

Factors that can influence persuasion, such as using attractive or familiar individuals as endorsers or relying on experts for credibility.

Tailoring advertising messages to fit the cultural values and norms of different societies.

How positive or negative mood can influence the persuasiveness of a message.

Strategies individuals use to counterargue against persuasive messages and maintain their existing beliefs.

The discomfort or tension that arises when there is a discrepancy between attitudes and behavior.

Finding a task more enjoyable after receiving a smaller reward than expected.

Valuing a challenging project more after investing significant effort.

Feeling regret after choosing one option over another.

Promoting a behavior or value while engaging in contradictory actions.

Inferring