Porifera

cells

Why does increasing the size of a cell cause problems

smaller units (cells) prevent problems by increasing _______

The simpleist multicellular animals

Multicellular organisms were collectively called _______ and are now also termed “animals.”

What clade are metazoans placed in?

What are the general features of phylum porifera?

are porifera unicellular or multicellular

What are porifera body pores called

What is the symmetry of porifera?

What flat structures form porifera outer surface

flagellated collar cells on porifera inner surface that keep current flowing via beating flagella and filter water

Forms porifera skeletal structure

Does phylum porifera have organs or true tissues

are adult porifera sessile or mobile

Major body system absent in sponges

What type of reproduction in sponges?

How do sponges feed?

Small incurrent pores for feeding in pinacoderm

______ in the collar trap and phagocytize food particles that pass by

What is efficiency of food capture dependent on

Simpleist sponge body organization, small and tube shaped, no radial canals

In an ascenoid sponge body, choanocytes are in a large internal chamber called…

What is the class of all ascenoids?

walls composed of choanocytes, where filtration occurs in syconoid sponges

Where does water leave a sponge

Resemble asconoids but are larger and thicker w/ more complex body wall

In syconoid sponges, Water enters through _____ and move through tiny openings into the ________.

In syconoid sponges what is the spongocoel lined with?

largest most complex sponge body type

Sponge cells are arranged in a gelatinous extracellular matrix called _______

how do respiration and excretion occur in sponges?

Where is food passed for intracellular digestion with no need for a gut cavity.

archaeocytes that secrete spicules.

Archaeocytes that secrete sponging.

Archaeocytes that secrete fibrillar collagen

Archaeocytes that secrete large amounts of collagen.

circular bands around oscula, that help regulate flow \n of water.

Sponge breaks into parts that are capable of forming a completely new sponge.

Small individuals that break off from parents that have reached a certain size.

-Formed by archaeocytes that collect in mesohyl. \n • Coated with tough spongin and spicules that can survive harsh \n environmental conditions.

-When parent sponge dies, gemmules survive and remain dormant during the harsh situations. \n • Live cells within gemmules escape through special opening called micropyles and develop into new sponges.

What is gemmulation an adaption for?

both male and female sex cells in one body (most sponges)

Where do sponge gametes develop from?

Zygote is retained within parent and provided with nourishment until it is released as a ciliated larva.

-overgrow invaginating micromeres during metamorphosis and settlement

• become pinacocytes

become choanocytes, archaeocytes, and collencytes

When did sponges appear?

Sponges share many traits with other animals and are considered a ________

What is the solid-bodied free swimming larva of most sponges called

\n Where is this unique developmental pattern found?

-Hollow stomoblastula develops with flagellated cells oriented toward the interior. \n • Blastula then turns inside out (inversion) and the flagellated cells now turn outside.

\n Sponge have _______ and some form ______ stages like many animals.

In sponges, proteins for what are homologous to other \n animals.

what does poriferan diversification center on

most of this group are carnivores and not suspension feeders with tiny hook-like spicules cover \n highly branched body