Nervous system

function of the brain; a response to integrated stimuli; activated muscles/glands to perform actions

largest part of the brain; responsible for voluntary muscular activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing, thought, and memory

a specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; a nerve cell

a portion of the cerebrum containing cell bodies with dendrites; outer layer of the brain

myelinated axons

a fatty substance that helps insulate neurons and speeds the transmision of nerve impulses

brain system; associated with emotions and motivations

limbic system component linked to pleasure and fear responses such as phobias and PTSD

a brain center located in the limbic system; helps process memories for storage

is made up of the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus; “interbrain”

relay station/switchboard of the brain; transfers sensory information to the correct part of the brain for processing

regulates homeostasis; is the bodies thermostat

attached to the hypothalamus; releases hormones that affect growth, sexual development, metabolism, and reproduction

involved in olfactory senses and sleep/wake cycle

a broad band of nerve fibers that connect the two hemispheres of the brain

the oldest part and central core of the brain, responsible for autonomic survival functions; primitive rat brain

a small part of the brain above the pons that integrates auditory and visual information and relays it upward toward the cerebrum and cerebellum

part of the brainstem that controls vital life-sustaining functions such as heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, and digestion

three protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord

a large structure of the hindbrain that controls fine motor skills; balance and coordination

outer layer of the meninges, tough and thick

inflammation of the meninges

a bruise like injury of the brain

damage to the brain from interruption of its blood supply

bleeding from ruptured blood vessels

ballooning of a weakened portion of an arterial wall

consists of the brain and spinal cord

a part of the nervous system consisting of all nerves not part of the brain and spinal cord

sending sensory information towards the brain

nerve cells that conduct impulses away from the brain

voluntary control of the bodies skeletal muscles

controls involuntary activity of abdominal muscles and internal organs and glands

brain control triggering “fight or flight” response

the division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body, conserving its energy (restores homeostasis after “fight or flight response)

process where organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment

a junction where information is transmitted from one neuron to the next

gap between adjacent neurons

chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons

affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal; undersupply linked to depression

a neurotransmitter that regulates motor behavior, motivation, pleasure, and emotional arousal

an artistic representation of regions of the body in the brain and he amont of sensory information for each region

ridges of the brain

shallow grooves of the brain

separates left and right hemispheres of the brain

separates cerebrum from cerebellum

separates temporal lobe from frontal and parietal lobes

part of cerebrum associated with reasoning, planning, parts of speech, movement, emotions, and problem solving

portion of the cerebrum that receives sensory input for touch and body position

a region of the cerebrum that processes visual information

a region of the cerebral cortex responsible for hearing and language

the nerve that carries smell impulses from the nose to the brain; CN I; SENSORY

the nerve that carries impulses from the retina to the brain; CN II; SENSORY

nerve allows movement of eye for tracking, dilating pupil and raising eyelid; CN III, MOTOR

controls eye movement specifically looking down and towards a midline; CN IV, MOTOR

allows for pain and touch from the face, controls muscles for mastication (chewing); CN V, SENSORY/MOTOR (mixed)

controls lateral eye movement; CN VI, MOTOR

controls muscles of facial expression, carries sensation of taste, transmits sensations of touch and pain from ear; CN VII, MOTOR/SENSORY (mixed)

hearing and balance sensation relayed to the brain; CN VIII, SENSORY

taste sensations, pain from tongue and tonsils, helps to swallow; CN IX, SENSORY/MOTOR (mixed)

cranial nerve that innervates digestive organs, heart and other areas; CN X, SENSORY/MOTOR (mixed)

controls movement in the head, neck, and shoulders; CN XI, MOTOR

allows the tongue to move, helps in speech, and moving food to back of the mouth for swallowing; CN XII, MOTOR

name the pink region

name the bottom blue region

name the large teal region

name the green region

name the yellow region

name the red/orange region

“bridge” of the brainstem, where nerve cross to opposite sides

name the top beige region

name the purple region

name the blue region

name the region below the blue section