Studied by 7 peopleKepler calculated that the planets move in what shaped orbits?
Elliptical
Different stars and constellations are visible during different seasons because ____
The earth’s revolution around the sun
In the Ptolemic/Greek model of the universe, how many “heavenly” bodies were there that wandered among the background of the stars?
7
How did Aristotle view the universe?
Geocentric
What is the difference between a solar and lunar eclipse?
Solar: the moon blocks sunlight from hitting the earth
Lunar: the earth blocks sunlight from hitting the moon
What info can we get from an Absorption Spectrum?
The chemical composition of something
What does the Doppler effect do to light?
Shifts the wavelength
moving toward us: blue
moving away from us: red
Why do planets sometimes appear to reverse direction in the sky and drift backward?
The earth revolves around the sun faster than some other planets so we see them as going backwards for a time
How did Ptolemy modify the geocentric model to explain the retrograde motion of the planets?
He added epicycles (that the planets were spinning in small circles while moving on their larger circle)
Did Galileo propose the geocentric or heliocentric theory?
Heliocentric
This scientist was the first to use a telescope in astronomy
Galileo
Who formulated the Law of Universal Gravitation?
Isaac Newton
Who was convicted of heresy for supporting the heliocentric view of the solar system?
Galileo
Know the moon’s phases and what phase one would see appearing at different times and locations.
how to write this down with words
Do we always see the same side of the moon from earth?
Yes
Are most large modern telescopes refracting or reflecting telescopes?
Reflecting
List the planets in the correct order starting with closest to the sun
Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune
What planet orbits the sun fastest?
Mercury
What are meteoroids?
Small objects in space. Smaller than asteroids. When one hits the atmosphere it becomes a meteor
What are Saturn’s rings made of?
Ice and Ice covered rock
What is the hottest planet?
Venus
Is there evidence of water on mars?
Yes
DO all the Jovian planets have rings?
Yes
What happens when the earth passes through debris left behind by comets?
WE GET A METEOR SHOWER LETS GOOOOO
How much heat (or energy) does Jupiter give off compared to how much it receives?
It gives off more than it receives
Which planets are Terrestrial planets?
Mercury Venus Earth Mars
The chemical composition of Jupiter is similar to that of ______
The Sun (mostly hydrogen and helium)
What property of a star ultimately determines its fate?
Mass
What is a light year
The distance light travels in 1 year
All main sequence stars are composed primarily of what two elements?
Hydrogen and Helium
A red giant has an inner core of fusing ____
Something bigger than hydrogen (typically helium, carbon, or oxygen)
A dying star with the mass of our sun will eventually become a ________
White Dwarf
Hubble’s Law and the observation that the Universe is expanding eventually led to the idea of the __________
Big Bang
The Great Red Spot is a huge hurricane-like storm that has persisted on what planet for how long?
Jupiter for at least 340 years
A cloud of gas and dust in space is termed a ____
Nebula
What is brighter? Star w a magnitude of 1 or 2
Magnitude 1 is brighter
When we look at distant objects, do we see them as they are now or as they were in the past?
The past. Light takes time to travel great distances
What do astronomers mean by “standard candle”
An object with a known brightness that can be used to measure distance
What objects make good standard candles for a galaxy other than the Milky Way?
Cepheid variables and type 1A Supernovas
Recent research suggests that the expansion of the universe is doing what?
Speeding up
How do each of the following view the universe?
Oscillating Universe
Steady State Universe
Big Bang Universe
Oscillating: The universe expands and contracts
Steady State: Always static
Big Bang Universe: Universe had a beginning and is now expanding out in 1 direction
Can light escape a black hole? Why or why not?
No, light doesn’t travel fast enough to reach the escape velocity for a black hole
A neutron star, if oriented properly, may be detected as a ____
Pulsar (the clicking sounds)
Are double stars rare in the universe?
No lol
The light from a galaxy 2.5 million light years away takes how long to reach us on earth?
2.5 million years
shout of to cayden for asking this question in class <3
What kind of galaxy is the Milky Way?
Spiral Galaxy
Roughly how many other galaxies are known to exist?
Billions
What color stars are cooler? Hotter?
Cooler:Red
Hotter:Blue
Which phase of a star’s life is the longest?
the Main Sequence phase: core hydrogen-burning phase
Who is awesome?
you guys!
Note
Flashcard