Studied by 25 peopleNumerical Expression
a mathematical phrase involving numbers and operation symbols, but no variables. There’s NO EQUAL SIGN. Ex. 5 - 3
Exponent
indicates the number of times a number is being multiplied by itself.
Base
in a power, the number being multiplied by itself.
Evaluate
find the value of an expression by simplifying using the order of operations.
Variable
a letter that represents an unspecified number or value.
Algebraic Expression
a mathematical phrase that includes one or more variables. There is NO EQUAL SIGN in an expression. Ex. y + 4
Term
is a number, a variable, or the product or quotient of a number and one or more variables.
Variable term
a term that contains a variable.
Constant term
a term that does not contain a variable.
Defining a variable
choosing a variable to represent the unknown in the problem.
Coefficient
a numerical factor of a term.
Like Terms
having the same variable factors with the same exponent.
Simplest form
writing an expression with no like terms or parentheses.
Equivalent Expressions
two algebraic expressions that have the same value for all values of the variable(s).
Absolute Value
the distance a number is from 0 on a number line
Reciprocal
a numbers multiplicative inverse that is used for dividing fractions.
Equation
a mathematical statement that contains two expressions and an equal sign.
Solve an equation
find all values of the variable that make it true.
Solution
each value that makes an equation true.
Equivalent equations
have the same solution.
Multi-step equation
this uses more than one property of equality to solve it.
Identity
an equation that is true for all values of its variables.
Proportion
an equation stating that two ratios are equivalent.
Formula
an equation that expresses a relationship between certain quantities.
Literal equation
a formula or equation that involves more than one variable.
Relation
a set of ordered pairs.
Domain
the set of the first numbers of the ordered pairs in a relation.
Range
the set of second numbers of the ordered pairs in a relation.
Mapping
an illustration that shows how each element of the domain is paired with an element in the range.
Independent variable
does not change and is subject to choice.
Dependent variable
changes in response to another variable.
Scale
the distance between tick marks on the x- and y-axes.
Function
a relation in which each domain value is matched with exactly one element of the range.
Function notation
a way of writing an equation so that y = f(x).
x-intercept
the coordinate where the graph crosses the x-axis.
y-intercept
the coordinate where the graph crosses the y-axis.
Positive
where the graph of a function lies above the x-axis.
Negative
where the graph of a function lies below the x-axis.
Root
a solution of an equation.
Zero
an x-intercept of the graph of a function.
Rate of change
how a quantity is changing with respect to a change in another quantity.
Slope
the rate of change in the y-coordinates (rise) to the corresponding change in the x-coordinates (run) for points on a line.
Parameter
a value in the equation of a function that can be varied to yield a family of functions.
Constant function
a linear function of the form y = b.
Family of graphs
graphs and equations of graphs that have at least one characteristic in common.
Parent function
the simplest of functions in a family.
Absolute value function
A function in which f(x) > 0 for all values of x.
Vertex
either the lowest or highest point of a function.
Parallel lines
nonvertical lines in the same plane that have the same shape.
Perpendicular lines
nonvertical lines in the same plane for which the product of the slopes is -1.
Bivariate data
data that consists of pairs of values.
Scatter plot
a graph of bivariate data that consists of ordered pairs on a coordinate plane.
Trend
a general pattern of data.
Positive correlation
bivariate data in which y increases as x increases.
Negative correlation
bivariate data in which y decreases as x increases.
No correlation
bivariate data in which x and y are not related.
Line of fit
a lines used to describe the trend of the data in a scatter plot.
Linear extrapolation
the use of a linear equation to predict values that are outside the range of data.
Linear interpolation
the use of a linear equation to predict values that are inside the range of data.
Causation
when a change in one variable produces a change in another variable.
Best-fit line
the line that most closely approximates the data in a scatter plot.
Linear regression
an algorithm used to find a precise line of fit for a set of data.
Correlation coefficient
a measure that shows how well data are modeled by a regression function.
Inverse relations
two relations, one of which contains points of the form (a, b) while the other contains points of the form (b, a).
Inverse functions
two functions, one of which contains points of the form (a, b) while the other contains points of the form (b, a).
Inequality
Interval notation
a method to represent an interval on a number line using different brackets.
Compound inequality
two or more inequalities that are connected by the words and or or.
Intersection
the graph of a compound inequality containing and.
Union
the graph of a compound inequality containing or.
Boundary
the edge of the graph of an inequality that separates the coordinate plane into regions
Half-plane
a region of the graph of an inequality on one side of a boundary.
Open half-plane
the solution of a linear inequality that does not include the boundary line.
Closed half-plane
the solution of a linear inequality that includes the boundary line.
Note
Flashcard