Period 3: Age of Revolutions to World War I (All Dates Reviewer)

Abraham Darby smelts iron using partially burnt coal

John Kay’s flying shuttle

James Hargreaves’s spinning jenny

Richard Arkwright patents the water frame

James Watt patents the first steam engine

Adam Smith’s An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations

First iron bridge completed in Shropshire, England

Power loom invented by Edmund Cartwright

Jeremy Bentham’s Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation

Burke’s Reflections on the Revolution in France

Eli Whitney’s cotton gin

Thomas Malthus’s Essay on Population

British Parliament votes for the end of the slave trade

First passenger train line

Napoleon escapes from Elba

Battle of Waterloo marks end of the Hundred Days

Napoleon sent into exile on St. Helena

David Ricardo’s Principles of Political Economy

Peterloo Massacre in Great Britain

Combination Acts ban union activity

Troppau Protocol (agreement among Eastern Great Powers to oppose revolutionary states)

Rebellion in Spain put down with French support in 1824

Beginning of Greek revolt

Death of Napoleon

Revolt in Naples

Charles X becomes King of France

Decembrist revolt in Russia

George Stephenson invents the early locomotive, the Rocket

Charles X issues July Ordinances

July Revolution topples the last French Bourbon monarch

Cholera outbreak in Europe

Charles Darwin begins five-year voyage that will take him to the Galápagos Islands

Sadler Committee looks into child labor in Great Britain

Great Reform Bill

Slavery banned within the British empire

Factory Act

English Poor Law

Robert Owen establishes the Grand National Consolidated Union

David Friedrich Strauss’s The Life of Jesus Critically Examined

Daguerreotype (early form of photograph) invented

Beginning of the reign of Queen Victoria

Beginning of the Chartist movement

First in a series of Opium Wars between Great Britain and China

Napoleon’s body brought back to France for reburial

Joseph Proudhon writes the anarchist tract What Is Property?

British gain control over Hong Kong

Repeal of the Corn Laws

Irish potato famine

Liberia established as independent African republic

The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

Overthrow of Louis Philippe

Unrest in various German states

Nationalist revolts break out throughout Austrian Empire

Charles Albert of Savoy goes to war against Austria

Meeting of the Frankfurt Parliament

“June Days” uprising in Paris

Louis Napoleon elected president of the Second Republic

Louis Napoleon stages coup against the Second Republic Crystal Palace Exhibition

Development of the safety elevator

David Livingstone begins exploring the African interior

Commodore Perry arrives in Japan

Establishment of the Second Empire by Napoleon III

Charles Dickens publishes Hard Times

Start of the Crimean War

Development of Bessemer process for manufacturing steel

Synthetic dyes developed

Flaubert publishes his masterpiece, Madame Bovary

Indian Rebellion

Jews allowed to enter the British Parliament

Darwin’s On the Origins of Species

France and Piedmont-Sardinia go to war against Austria

Garibaldi invades the Kingdom of Two Sicilies

Victor Emmanuel II becomes the first King of Italy

Alexander II emancipates the serfs

Opening of the Salon des Refusés (art rejected by the jury of the Official Paris Salon)

Establishment of the First International in London

Prussia and Austria go to war against Denmark

Italians seize Venetia from Austria

Austro-Prussian War

Establishment of the Austro-Hungarian Empire

Alfred Nobel patents dynamite

Suez Canal completed

John Stuart Mill’s On Liberty

Doctrine of Papal Infallibility

Rome becomes capital of Italy

Franco-Prussian War

French Third Republic created

Establishment of the German Empire

End of the French Second Empire

Paris Commune

Darwin’s The Descent of Man

Typewriters invented

Claude Monet paints Impression: Sunrise

Constitution establishes the French Third Republic

Serbia becomes independent

Alexander Graham Bell’s telephone

Thomas Edison’s phonograph

Queen Victoria becomes empress of India

Russo-Turkish War

Congress of Berlin