sciecne test big

The moment in time when the universe started to expand out of an \n extremely hot, dense state, according to scientific theory

An imaginary line about which a turning body such as Earth rotates

A characteristic, a behavior, or any inherited trait that makes a \n species able to survive and reproduce in a particular environment

The mixture of gases that surrounds the solid Earth

The hypothesis that Earth’s continents move on Earth’s surface

A nonliving physical or chemical part of an ecosystem

A boundary along which two tectonic plates push together, \n characterized either by subduction or a continental collision

Air masses that build over land

Cold air mass overtakes a warm air mass

The process of saving or protecting a natural resource

The struggle between two or more living things that depend on the \n same limited resource

A large volume of air that has nearly the same temperature and \n humidity at different locations at the same altitude

The final stage of an extremely massive star, which is invisible because its gravity prevents any form of radiation from escaping

The brightness of a star as seen from Earth

The science and business of raising and harvesting fish in a controlled \n situation

A living thing in an ecosystem

removing organisms from their natural habitat to be used for commercial purposes

A circulation pattern in which material is heated and rises in one \n area, then cools and sinks in another area, flowing in a continuous loop

The layer in Earth’s upper mantle and directly under the lithosphere \n in which rock is soft and weak because it is close to melting

On a topographic map, the difference in elevation from one contour \n line to the next

Earth’s average distance from the Sun, which is approximately 150 \n million kilometers

The maximum size that a population can reach in an ecosystem

The brightness of a star if it were a standard distance from Earth

A line on a topographic map that joins points of equal elevation

A man made underwater structure; built to promote marine life, to \n control erosion, or block ship passage

A model used to show a feeding relationship in which many food \n chains overlap in an ecosystem

A model used to show the feeding relationship between a single \n producer and a chain of consumers in an ecosystem

Mostly calm air in a band over the equator

A generally calm and clear weather system that occurs when air \n sinks down and spreads out

The boundary between air masses

In an orbit, a position and time in which sunlight shines equally on \n the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere; a time of year \n when daylight and darkness are nearly equal for most of Earth

A tropical low-pressure system with sustained winds of 120 \n kilometers per hour (74 mph) or more

A boundary along which two tectonic plates move apart, \n characterized by either a mid-ocean ridge or a continental rift valley

Millions or billions of stars held together in a group by their own \n gravity

All the living and nonliving things that interact in a particular \n environment

A process in which particles of an element collide and combine to \n form a heavier element

More than half but less than fully illuminated

A mountain that forms as continental crust is compressed and rocks bend into large folds

A type of wave, such as light or radio, that does not require a medium \n to travel; a disturbance that transfers energy through a field

Winds that travel long distance in steady patterns over several weeks

A shaking of the ground caused by the sudden movement of large \n blocks of rocks along a fault

A model used to show the amount of energy available to living things \n in an ecosystem

The process of removing salt from ocean water; used to obtain fresh \n water

A deep valley along the ocean floor through which oceanic crust \n slowly sinks toward the mantle; a convergent plate boundary

An area where the land decreases in elevation

A graph relating the temperature and brightness of stars

The force that objects exert on each other because of their mass

An event during which one object in space cases a shadow onto \n another

Partly, but less than half illuminated

A measure of how high something is above a reference point, such \n as sea level

Molten rock that reaches a planet’s surface through a volcano

The distance light travels in one year, which is about 9.5 trillion \n kilometers

Winds that blow over short distances

Pollution with a source that is hard to find or scattered

The appearance of the illuminated portion of the moon as seen by \n an observer on Earth

Occurs when the moon passes through the shadow of the Earth

Molten rock beneath Earth’s surface

The role a living thing plays in its habitat

An individual living thing, made up of one or many cells, that is \n capable of growing and reproducing

A dense core that may be left behind after a higher-mass star \n explodes in a supernova

A wind that flows in the upper troposphere from west to east over \n vast distances at great speeds

The layer of Earth made up of the crust and the rigid rock of the upper \n mantle

When two cold air masses collide and push a warm air mass up \n between them

A large and often stormy weather system that occurs when air moves \n up to higher altitudes

Air masses assembled over oceans

A long line of sea-floor mountains where new ocean crust is formed \n by volcanic activity along a divergent boundary

A cloud of gas and dust in space; may form a star

The breeze caused when the water stays warm and the land has \n cooled

A factor or condition that prevents the continuing growth of a \n population in an ecosystem

A line on a weather map connecting places that have the same \n temperature

A tide of small range occurring during the first- and third-quarter \n phases of the moon

An organism that eats both producers and consumers

A line on a weather map connecting places that have the same air \n pressure

The stage in which stars produce energy through the fusion of \n hydrogen into helium

The elliptical path of an object in space as it moves around another \n object due to gravity

The breeze created when cooler moist air from over the water slides \n beneath the rising air on an ocean beach

The motion of an object around its own axis

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram \n of a substance by one degree Celsius

A hypothetical supercontinent that included all of the landmasses on \n Earth; it began breaking apart about 200 million years ago

In an orbit, a position and time during which one hemisphere gets its \n maximum area of sunlight, while the other hemisphere gets its minimum \n amount; the time of year when days are either longest or shortest, and \n the angle of sunlight reaches its maximum or minimum

Occurs when the moon goes in front of the Sun and blocks most of \n the Sun’s light from the Earth

An organism that eats a producer as its food source

The line where the edges of the plates meet

An object that orbits a more massive object

Cool air, usually moving quickly toward the poles from the west to \n east in both hemispheres

Winds that blow more often from one direction than the other

The motion of one body around another

An interaction in which one organism hunts and kills another organism \n for food

A region of lighter shadow that may surround an umbra

Pollution that enters water from a known source

A measure of how steep a landform is; calculated as the change in \n elevation divided by the distance covered

One part of a pattern of temperature changes and other weather \n trends over the course of a year; caused by the position of Earth’s axis \n relative to the direction of sunlight

An organism that eats a primary consumer as its food

A measure of the number of organisms that live in a given area

Harvesting a renewable resource quicker than the source can renew \n itself; often leads to the destruction of the resource

Cold, fairly weak winds blowing from east to west

The process by which molten material adds new oceanic crust to the \n ocean floor; a divergent plate boundary

A deep valley formed as tectonic plates move apart, such as along a \n mid-ocean ridge

The interaction between individuals from two different species that live \n closely together

A boundary along which two tectonic plates scrape past each other, \n and crust is neither formed nor destroyed